Sleep Medicine

Sleep Medicine

Sleep medicine is a medical subspecialty focused on diagnosing and treating sleep disorders and other sleep-related concerns. Sleep disorders are common and, if left untreated, can have significant long-term consequences, such as increased risk of heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.

Specialized Training in Sleep Medicine

Sleep physicians, sometimes called somnologists, come from a variety of medical specialties, but they all have training in sleep medicine. To receive board certification in sleep medicine, doctors must complete medical school and residency, followed by a one-year sleep medicine fellowship that includes both research and clinical training. During the specialized fellowship, the physicians learn about the bodily processes involved in normal sleep and how those processes go wrong in sleep disorders. They also gain the skills needed to diagnose sleep disorders and develop treatment plans for patients of all ages.

Sleep Specialists Treat a Broad Variety of Medical Conditions

Sleep specialists have advanced training in diagnosing and treating a variety of sleep disturbances and disorders, including these common conditions: Bruxism (teeth grinding) Central sleep apnea Circadian sleep disorders, including shift work and non-24-hour sleep-wake rhythm Hypersomnia Insomnia Narcolepsy Nighttime leg cramps Nightmare disorder Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) Parasomnias REM sleep behavior disorder Restless legs syndrome Sleep terrors (“night terrors”) Sleepwalking (somnambulism) Snoring.

Sleep Medicine Tests & Procedures

Blood tests: Used to check for conditions that can cause interrupted sleep, such as thyroid problems. Sleep log: Used to help diagnose insomnia, this diary is for recording information such as bedtimes, wake-up times, and degree of daytime sleepiness. Sleep disorders inventory: Used to understand a patient’s sleep problems, this detailed questionnaire takes a comprehensive history of health and sleep patterns. Sleep study (polysomnogram): Used to evaluate and diagnose sleep disorders, sleep studies are conducted according to the disorder suspected. If the evaluation is for sleep apnea, for example, patients are observed as they sleep overnight in a lab. If narcolepsy is suspected, patients sleep and wake in the lab for a series of naps.
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